1. Nano-MIND technology

Context: In a ground-breaking experiment, researchers at the Center for Nanomedicine at the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) and Yonsei University in South Korea have demonstrated the ability to control specific brain regions in mice using magnetic fields.

This innovation, called Nano-MIND (Magnetogenetic Interface for NeuroDynamics) technology, uses magnetic fields and magnetized nanoparticles to wirelessly and precisely modulate specific deep brain neural circuits.
The technology enables the selective activation of targeted brain circuits, surpassing current brain manipulation methods.
The potential applications of Nano-MIND in understanding brain functions, developing sophisticated artificial neural networks, advancing brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies, and creating new treatments for neurological disorders.
This advancement in neuroscience could revolutionize research and treatment methodologies for brain-related conditions by providing a more precise and less invasive approach.

How it works?

In their experiments, the researchers successfully activated neurons in various brain regions, such as the medial preoptic area (MPOA) to stimulate maternal behaviours in non-maternal female mice, and the lateral hypothalamus to regulate feeding behaviours, significantly altering appetite and feeding patterns.

2.mRNA vaccine

Context: A new initiative to develop and distribute mrna vaccine for human avian influenza (H5N1) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Medicines Patent Pool (MPP).

The project is part of the mRNA Technology Transfer Programme, established in 2021 to enhance vaccine production capacity in LMICs.
Once successful, the knowledge and materials will be shared with other manufacturers to expedite vaccine development and strengthen pandemic preparedness.
The initiative aligns with ongoing efforts to improve the sharing of influenza viruses and vaccine access under the Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework.

The mRNA Technology Transfer Programme has already developed a platform for COVID-19 vaccine candidates, which is now being adapted for other diseases, enhancing global vaccine equity.

3.KRISHNA RAJ SAGAR DAM

NEWS

Karnataka has begun releasing Cauvery water to Tamil Nadu from the Krishna Raja Sagar (KRS) dam and Kabini reservoir, following a directive from the Cauvery Water Management Authority (CWMA).

4.SAFFRON

Context: A WWF report reveals that poaching and trafficking are critically endangering four sturgeon species in the Lower Danube, a key stronghold in south-eastern Europe.

Sturgeons are exploited for caviar and meat, leading to global population declines.

The most frequently poached species is the Endangered sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus), followed by

Protection Status:

IUCN Red list:Two sturgeon species are already extinct in the Danube, and the remaining four are listed as Threatened by the IUCN.
CITES: Appendix-II.

Context: Kashmir’s saffron crop, a highly prized spice, is severely affected by prolonged dry spells and climate change.

The SAffron spice, known as kong in Kashmiri, zaffran in Urdu, and kesar in Hindi, is extracted from the stigma of the saffron flower (Crocus sativus L).

Highly valued, Kashmiri kesar sells for around Rs 3 lakhs per kilogram. Obtaining just one gram of kesar requires about 160-180 flowers, making its production labour-intensive.

5.STURGEON

Context: A WWF report reveals that poaching and trafficking are critically endangering four sturgeon species in the Lower Danube, a key stronghold in south-eastern Europe.

Sturgeons are exploited for caviar and meat, leading to global population declines.

The most frequently poached species is the Endangered sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus), followed by

Protection Status:

IUCN Red list:Two sturgeon species are already extinct in the Danube, and the remaining four are listed as Threatened by the IUCN.
CITES: Appendix-II.

Context: A WWF report reveals that poaching and trafficking are critically endangering four sturgeon species in the Lower Danube, a key stronghold in south-eastern Europe.

Sturgeons are exploited for caviar and meat, leading to global population declines.

The most frequently poached species is the Endangered sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus), followed by

Protection Status:

IUCN Red list:Two sturgeon species are already extinct in the Danube, and the remaining four are listed as Threatened by the IUCN.
CITES: Appendix-II.